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Export and housing down amid rising costs of credit
Upward pressure from commodity prices continues and symptoms of a marked economic slowdown are visible in the construction industry.
Upward pressure from commodity prices continues and symptoms of a marked economic slowdown are visible in the construction industry.
In Poland, second-round effects thrive in an environment of expansionary fiscal policy, buoyant wages growth, and consumption boom.
The Bank of Poland takes its main rate to 4.5%, projecting 6.5% this year and 7.5% in 2023. Meanwhile, companies are passing higher costs on to CPI.
As coal has the biggest potential to lower gas demand, Poland wants to use it to produce electricity after 2049 to bolster its energy security.
The conflict in Ukraine has created another excuse to blame inflation on oil and natural gas, rather than the increase in the money supply.
Household consumption will keep sustaining the Polish economic growth o\in 2022, and high producer prices will be passed on to final consumers.
NATO’s Achilles heel in the Russia-Ukraine war. Beware of Kaliningrad, Russia outside Russia, a crossing point between Europe and the three Baltic countries.
GDP and consumption booms continue, but price-wage spiral too, as consequence of expansionary economic policy in recent years.
NBP action lags behind other CEE central banks, while authorities pretend the elevated CPI to be a result of external supply shocks.
The risk of wage-price spirals is increasing in front of labour shortages, commodity prices, and the tax changes introduced in the new “Polish Deal”.